{
  "urn": "urn:us-la:civcode:art:1832",
  "article_number": "1832",
  "heading": "Written form required by law",
  "text": "When the law requires a contract to be in written form, the contract may not be proved by testimony or by presumption, unless the written instrument has been destroyed, lost, or stolen.",
  "status": "active",
  "hierarchy_path": [
    {
      "level": "book",
      "number": "III",
      "name": "Of the Different Modes of Acquiring the Ownership of Things"
    },
    {
      "level": "title",
      "number": "III",
      "name": "Obligations in General"
    },
    {
      "level": "chapter",
      "number": "5",
      "name": "Proof of Obligations"
    }
  ],
  "breadcrumb": "Book III › Title III › Chapter 5",
  "acts_citations": [
    {
      "act_year": 1984,
      "act_number": 331,
      "section": 1,
      "effective_date": "1985-01-01",
      "effective_date_raw": "Jan. 1, 1985",
      "role": "enactment"
    }
  ],
  "acts_citations_raw": "Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.",
  "source_url": "https://legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=109071",
  "website_law_id": 109071,
  "scrape_timestamp": "2026-05-20T14:10:23Z",
  "source_html_hash": "sha256:a03022385d5fdfdf0337d34c1e75ae44b9d319fd120439e704336c62508fb688",
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}