{
  "urn": "urn:us-la:civcode:art:1880",
  "article_number": "1880",
  "heading": "Novation not presumed",
  "text": "The intention to extinguish the original obligation must be clear and unequivocal. Novation may not be presumed.",
  "status": "active",
  "hierarchy_path": [
    {
      "level": "book",
      "number": "III",
      "name": "Of the Different Modes of Acquiring the Ownership of Things"
    },
    {
      "level": "title",
      "number": "III",
      "name": "Obligations in General"
    },
    {
      "level": "chapter",
      "number": "6",
      "name": "Extinction of Obligations"
    },
    {
      "level": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "name": "Novation"
    }
  ],
  "breadcrumb": "Book III › Title III › Chapter 6 › Section 3",
  "acts_citations": [
    {
      "act_year": 1984,
      "act_number": 331,
      "section": 1,
      "effective_date": "1985-01-01",
      "effective_date_raw": "Jan. 1, 1985",
      "role": "enactment"
    }
  ],
  "acts_citations_raw": "Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.",
  "source_url": "https://legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=109124",
  "website_law_id": 109124,
  "scrape_timestamp": "2026-05-20T14:10:43Z",
  "source_html_hash": "sha256:21aed8088c240d7dd368f122630386ecc97f504dd1cd20670d4b745a8c4930f9",
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}