{
  "urn": "urn:us-la:civcode:art:544",
  "article_number": "544",
  "heading": "Methods of establishing usufruct; things susceptible of usufruct.",
  "text": "Usufruct may be established by a juridical act either inter vivos or mortis causa, or by operation of law. The usufruct created by juridical act is called conventional; the usufruct created by operation of law is called legal.\n\nUsufruct may be established on all kinds of things, movable or immovable, corporeal or incorporeal.",
  "status": "active",
  "hierarchy_path": [
    {
      "level": "book",
      "number": "II",
      "name": "Things and the Different Modifications of Ownership"
    },
    {
      "level": "title",
      "number": "III",
      "name": "Personal Servitudes"
    },
    {
      "level": "chapter",
      "number": "2",
      "name": "Usufruct"
    },
    {
      "level": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "name": "General Principles"
    }
  ],
  "breadcrumb": "Book II › Title III › Chapter 2 › Section 1",
  "acts_citations": [
    {
      "act_year": 1976,
      "act_number": 103,
      "section": 1,
      "effective_date": null,
      "effective_date_raw": null,
      "role": "enactment"
    }
  ],
  "acts_citations_raw": "Acts 1976, No. 103, §1.",
  "source_url": "https://legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=110731",
  "website_law_id": 110731,
  "scrape_timestamp": "2026-05-20T14:04:39Z",
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}